12C27, a grade with high hardness and good wear resistance. EN 1.4021 / DIN X20Cr13, widely used in economic cutting tools, 50HRC max after heat treatment. The patented name applied by Ahonest Changjiang Stainless steel Co., Ltd. CPM M4. Aogami/Super blue The same steel as Blue-Super A. Shirogami/White-1 Hardest among the Hitachi steels,but lacks of toughness. [11] For the circuit below, Vs = 10V, C = 0.4F, R = 512, and Vc(O) = 0. 9Cr18MoV, 440B modified, a higher end Chinese stainless steel used mostly in high-end barber scissors and surgical tools. ; 9% of Vanadium: Improves wear … Used by many custom makers, Swamp Rat knives uses 52100 steel under the name SR101. 4116 Krupp is a German steel which is cryogenically quenched during the hardening process. CPM® 4V® Powder Metal Tool Steel Typical Composition C Mn Si Cr Mo V 1.35 0.40 0.80 5.0 2.95 3.85 CPM 4V is a powder metal tool steel with an outstanding combination of properties including high impact toughness and very good wear resistance. 303 SE is an austenitic chromium-nickel steel to which selenium has been added to improve machinability and non-galling characteristics. A grade with good wear resistance and good corrosion resistance, well suited for the manufacture of kitchen tools. "Better" steel compared to SK series, but worse than both, Aogami and Shirogami. I have been using it for 15 years or so and recommend it for applications where sharpening in the field is inconvienent and the user wants a knife that will hold an edge a long time on abrasive materials like elk hide, hair and pig bristles. Daido stainless tool steels used for kitchen knives and scissors. We don’t have any toughness testing of 4V in the 61-62 Rc range so I think the toughness could be a bit higher than what is shown here. CTS-TMT, a hardenable martensitic stainless steel that combines improved corrosion resistance over Type 410 stainless with hardness up to 53 HRC and improved formability over 17Cr-4Ni. These are among our most beloved knives but just didn’t make it to the godly status. The Swedish steel maker Uddeholm AB also makes a virtually identical razor steel composition known as AEB-L, which they patented in 1928. Carbon steel is a popular choice for rough use knives. 5Cr15MoV, some knives manufacturers define as 5Cr13MoV, the hardness could be 55–57 HRC. Gaining popularity in Bladesports Competition Cutting knives. DSR1K8, a steel known to exist. Shop with confidence. increases resistance to heat and corrosion. In choosing the best pocket knife you should pay particular attention to the type of steel used in the blade. It has a carbon content of 0.55-0.65%, 1055, used in swords and machetes often heat-treated to a spring temper to reduce breakage. CTS 204P – essentially Carpenter's version of M390. CPM 10V has four times the wear resistance of D2 at the same toughness. CPM 9V,[18] modification of CPM 10V with lower carbon and vanadium to improve toughness and heat check resistance. The 400 series remains one of the most popular choices for knife makers because it is easy to sharpen and it is resistant to corrosion. V-toku1 / V-toku2, alloyed steel with W /Cr's original characteristics. The group of these steels is unknown at this time. However through the width of the edge bevelon the F1, the S1 and WM are thinner, and thus have a more acutely formededge. Several steel alloys have carbon amount close or above 3%. Improves corrosion resistance by contributing to the oxide coating. Kin-2, Medium-carbon Mo, V stainless blade steel. Tolerates less than ideal temperature control in forging and heat treating (As does 5160). This utility/hunter knife is hardened to full 64HRC. American stainless steels produced by Carpenter Technology using vacuum-melt technology. Nominal composition of CPM-15V : Carbon: 3.5 Thyssen-Krupp names their steels using standard convention, i. e. removing .1 from w-Nr 1.4116. more than 11% makes it "stainless", by causing an oxide coating to form. W1, a water hardening tool steel. The resultant
No further information is available. A SRS-13 with 1.3% C also exists. [46], Due to small vanadium content VG-10 has finer grain content compared to VG-1. CPM M4 VS S30V. Modulus Of Elasticity. The MT21 Mule was in 4V. A very pure, fine-grained alloy. Stainless steel is a popular class of material for knife blades because it resists corrosion and is easy to maintain. Probably does not hold an edge as well as 1095, but is tough, and easy to sharpen. Both must be kept above 1700°F and are not as forgiving as other steels at the boundaries of their forging ranges. When comparing CPM 3V steel vs. A2 steel, 3V is superior in edge retention and toughness with a big win for CPM 3V. 9Cr19MoV, used in items such as the Ultimate Pro Bear Grylls Survival knife. I have 4v in the Manix 2 that is still available, and I _love_ that knife, but compared to my Rex45 knives there is more sharpening involved. 2198 S. DuPont DriveAnaheim, CA 92806-61015, 7987 Crest Hills DriveLoves Park, IL 61111, Sales Offices: Tennessee 888-848-0037 Michigan 833-235-1678, All tool steel is sold as annealed with the exception of P20 and 4140HT, which are heat treated to HRC 28/32, Furnace or Salt Bath: 1875-1950°F (1024-1065°C). Vanadium improves the wear resistance, toughness, and ease of sharpening. Tool steel grades used in cutlery : A, D, O, M, T, S, L, W. See also AISI Tool Steel Grades. High-chrome / high-vanadium stainless steel, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFObergJonesMcCauleyHeald2004 (. Swedish razor steel is a very pure, fine grained alloy which positively affects edge holding, edge stability and toughness. Currently used by a few custom knife makers. These steels are austenitic and non-magnetic. Everyone seems to love 3V and 4V, so why not put out some sprints? It has a carbon content of 0.90-1.03%. Heat Treatment - Heat treatment effects the edge retention and toughness and is determined by the knifemaker. CPM 10V is an extremely rare tool steel used in a few different types of knives. A large volume of hard vanadium carbides provides the high wear resistance. 1060, used in swords or Axes. If you've been wondering what it's all about, here is a double ear-full of my opinion on the subject. The source for your favorite knives, tools and gear including Benchmade, Spyderco, Zero Tolerance, Custom Knives and over 100 more brands. Oddly enough, CPM 10V looks a lot like CPM S90V with the Chromium reduced. Used by Böker. I think this alloy is here to stay in the woodturning world. 31 x 10 6 psi (214 GPa) Machinability. increases hardness, tensile strength, and toughness. Gaining popularity in Bladesports Competition Cutting knives. No further information is available. [17], Japanese stainless steels, manufactured by Takefu Special Steel. Therefore, it is commonly used for dies, forming tools, and gauges that do not require extreme wear resistance but do need high stability. V-Gin3B, more Cr is added for better corrosion resistance. V-2C, Pure carbon steel, with impure substances completely removed. Its machinability is twice as good as CPM ® 10V ®. Toughness levels are not high compared to CPM S90V steel, however, they have high wear resistance and edge strength, making them good choice for the knives designed for light cutting and slicing works. 410 is a hardenable, straight-chromium stainless steel which combines superior wear resistance with excellent corrosion resistance. specifically designed to meet resistance to corrosion and wear in stainless has not compared to many carbon steels. Improves strength, machinability, and hardness. Too much prevents hardening by heat-treatment. Infi-del Gold Member Gold Member. 99Cr18MoV, 440C modified. 13C26, also known as a Swedish stainless razor steel. CPM S125V - 3.30 - 14.00 - 12,00 - 2.50 - 61-65 - 39.00 - Very high 440C - 1.20 - 16/18 - - 0.75 - 4,00 - 57-58 - Low. I had more cardboard so I was able to do both fine edge and working edge for this steel. Considered for applications where a combination of strength, wear resistance, toughness and higher attainable hardness is required. Currently used by a few custom knife makers. CPM 4V has an outstanding combination of properties including high impact toughness and very good wear resistance. Not a casual process for most The 10xx series is the most popular choice for carbon steel used in knives as well as katanas. Shirogami/White-2 Tougher than S/W-1 but as not much Carbon content, thus slightly less hard. CPM-15V: main. Quenching: Air, pressurized gas, warm oil, or salt. CPM 4V is unique in its potential to be very, very strong, much more then it's more malleable and tougher cousin, 3V. They can take and keep a very sharp edge.[67]. CPM-154 = 16% chromium carbide. This results in a steel with extreme corrosion resistance, excellent edge holding, yet it is fairly easily resharpened while containing a relatively high carbide volume for abrasive cutting edge retention. The HC stands for "high carbon" and it can be brought to a higher hardness than regular 420 and should not be mistaken for it. A steel with less vanadium like CPM-4V has less carbide volume (~8%) and somewhat smaller carbides. CPM 9V, a modification of CPM 10V with lower carbon and vanadium to improve toughness and heat check resistance. Discussion in 'General Knife Discussion' started by Infi-del, Feb 8, 2014. It is also known as SG2 (Special Gold 2) when it is marked by Takefu Specialty Steel. Alongside edge geometry and design, blade steel is a critical element that determines how a knife performs. .45-.55 carbon, .1-.2 vanadium, 14-15 Chromium, .5-.8 Molybdenum. Continue cooling to ambient
increases hardness and wear resistance if nitrogen or carbon are at the surface of the alloy. Retains hardness at elevated temperature. This video documents an edge retention comparison between Maxamet and CPM 10V. Note that PMA11 and CPM 10V and K294 are all the same stuff, namely powder metallurgy versions of A11 tool steel. before rehardening. hardness should be approximately 241 HBW. Ceramics are harder than metals but more brittle. Re: Large fixed blade- s35vn vs 3v Post by Naperville » Thu Oct 29, 2020 3:17 am By this time next year, I am willing to bet that most (51% or more) high end fixed blades are either 4V or S45VN. The latter two are considered premium cutlery steels for both folding knives and fixed blades.[11]. Feb 8, 2014 #1. CPM 4V should be considered for service in fine blanking, powder compaction tools, for processing high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steels, advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) and applications … 4Cr14MoV, EN 1.4117 / DIN X38CrMoV15, good enough to make kitchen knives. Used in place of carbon for the steel matrix. It can be considered either a high hardness 440C stainless steel or a corrosion-resistant D2 tool steel. Compare with more steels in this collection of micrographs. Applications where CPM 10V is successful, but even longer tool life is desired, or applications where sintered carbide tooling is prone to fracture or difficult to fabricate, are likely to be well-served by CPM 15V. But they dull by abrasion quicker because they lack hard inclusions to take the friction. AUS-6 (6A) is comparable to 440A with a carbon content close to 0.65%. Acuto 440. manufactured by Aicihi Cr 0.80-0.95 Si 0.35-0.50 Mn 0.25-0.40 P under 0.040 S under 0.030 Cr 17.00-18.00 Mo 1.00-.25 V 0.08-0.12 contents. What it is: CPM M4 is a "Crucible Particle Metallurgy" carbon tool steel, widely regarded as a "super steel" for its properties and performance. It has a carbon content of 0.48-0.55%, 1045, used in Axes. Cpm-10V optimized the vanadium content to provide superior wear resistance while maintaining toughness and fabrication characteristics comparable to D-2 and M-2 material. CPM-20CV – essentially Crucible's version of M390. This is the principle reason to select CPM 3V for a knife. Cpm-10V optimized the vanadium content to provide superior wear resistance while maintaining toughness and fabrication characteristics comparable to D-2 and M-2 material. How long has the switch been closed for the capacitor voltage, Vc(t), to reach 4V. No further information is available. Its machinability is twice as good as CPM ® 10V ®. its edge retention is close to AUS 10 with better corrosion resistance. Vanax, produced by Uddeholm, is a relatively new, 3rd generation powder metallurgy blade steel in which carbon is largely replaced by nitrogen. As hardness increases, the blade becomes capable of taking and holding a better edge, but is more difficult to sharpen and more brittle (commonly called less "tough"). VG-2, middle-carbon Mo stainless blade steel. Stainless Steel CPM 4V should be considered for applications where a higher attainable hardness and additional abrasion resistance is required than can be offered by CPM 3V. Great Knives can still be considered brilliant. As you can see both simple and crazy steels are listed here… This is because these higher priced knives often get their prices from the expensive steel they use and the expensive heat treatment they need. CPM ® 9V ® Characteristics — A tool steel with 9% vanadium. CTS-20(CV), offers superior edge retention and surface finish, an ability to be machined to a fine edge, and consistent heat-treatability from lot to lot. Developed by Jaktkit and Ahonest Changjiang in cooperation. As such, it is softer than 440, but has a higher toughness. Crucible's primary goal was to design an alloy with high impact toughness and more wear resistance than currently available with CPM 3V. 1084, carbon content 0.80-0.93%. It is a martensitic stainless high speed steel that combines the tempering, hot hardness and hardness retention characteristics of M50 high speed steels, with the corrosion and oxidation resistance of Type 440C stainless. Crucible continues to develop specific high vanadium CPM grades to meet a variety of wear/toughness requirements. Enter the time to the nearest second. Explore the numerous features as the intuitive product search or product comparison. AUS-10 (10A) is comparable to 440C with a carbon content close to 1.10%. These two steels are practically identical in composition. It wouldn't be much of an excitement to get a knife made from such an exotic steel and have 59HRC hardness on it. Heat at a rate not exceeding 400°F per hour (222°C
Basic carbon steel is a combination or iron and carbon. High carbon content. This also makes them quicker to sharpen. VG-10 is widely used in Japanese kitchen knives, several manufacturers use it in various folders and fixed blade knives, including Spyderco, Cold Steel and Fallkniven.[11]. combination of strength, wear resistance and toughness is required. M4 M390; EDGE RETENTION: 8/10: 8/10: EASE OF SHARPNESS: 3/10: 5/10: CORROSION RESISTANCE: 3/10: 8/10: TOUGHNESS: 6/10: 6/10: M390 and M4 have both same edge retention and toughness, the difference is M390 is better in corrosion resistance and a bit easy to sharpen compared to the M4. He now has an A2 blade, has not changed how … Deoxidizes and degasifies to remove oxygen from molten metal. It is SuperSteel from Aichi newer than aus10 and implications suggest a modified version of this steel in global knives, due the Yoshida-shimonakano group is Aichi steel, Toyota, global knives, many more. Prior to 2002, INFI contained 0.5% carbon, 0.74% Nitrogen, about 1% Cobalt, and about 0.1% Nickel. carbide inclusions reduce wear, but bulk material is softer. 8.26. V-1/V-2 Chrome is added to improve quenching performance. Overall, I'm very glad that I got my CPM-10V blade and what's more important I got it form a very good maker who can get the max out of the steel. The benefits of vanadium (V): increases strength, wear resistance, and increases toughness; the recommended hardness about 55/57 HRC. Elmax – Produced by Bohler-Uddeholm, Elmax is a through-hardening corrosion resistant mold steel using third-generation powder metallurgy process. CPM 4V Powder Metal Tool Steel. 440A is a relatively low-cost, highly corrosion-resistant stainless steel. The harder ceramics may be used in composite form to make them workable. a mix) of carbon and iron that is often enriched with other elements to improve certain characteristics depending on the desired … This improves its work performance, especially toughness, and edge-holding ability. 14-4CrMo, manufactured by Latrobe Specialty Metals. It gets more complicated from there, as metallurgists add or remove different trace components to create unique steel alloys with specific uses in mind. increases strength, hardness, hardenability, and toughness. Overall, it has better edge stability compared to VG-1. A8, C .55% Mn .30% Si .30% Cr 5.00% Mo 1.25% W 1.25%, A10, this grade contains a uniform distribution of. American stainless steel manufactured by Allegheny Technologies, North American Stainless and Crucible Industries. Shiro-2, Cr and Ni are added for better quenching and ductility. 3Cr13MoV, made by adding more elements molybdenum and vanadium to the 420J2-3Cr13 formula. (The following are sorted by first number.). Creates brittleness in high concentrations. [35] The once ubiquitous American Buck Model 110 Folding Hunter was made of 440C before 1981. Griggs Steel Color Code: Ocean Blue. Crucible continues to develop specific high vanadium CPM grades to meet a variety of wear/toughness requirements. In China, Ahonest ChangJiang Stainless Steel developed 7Cr17MoV, a modified 440A, by adding more vanadium. CPM 4V is a powder metal tool steel with an outstanding combination of properties including high impact toughness
The Nitrogen atom will function in a similar manner to the carbon atom but offers unusual advantages in corrosion resistance. The core is VG-1 and the outside layers are 420j for good rust resistance. 9Cr13MoVCo, 9Cr14MoV. Often recommended for novice knife makers or those without more advanced heat treating equipment due to the ease of heat treating it successfully in such conditions, yet also used by many professional bladesmiths for various kinds of knives as it can make excellent knives. DSR1K11, a steel known to exist. 10V = 16% vanadium carbide. 12C27M, another Swedish stainless razor steel. It has maximum shock resistance and high compression strength, which gives it good deformation resistance in use, while retaining good toughness. increases hardenability, wear resistance, and tensile strength. 3Cr13, in 420 grade series, it contains 420A 420B 420C 420D. 420 has more carbon than 410, but less than 440. They are more homogeneous than stainless and other high alloy steels, having carbide only in very small inclusions in the iron. D2, is a high carbon, high chromium die steel and is the highest carbon alloy tool and die steel typically used in knife making. CPM 10V Powder Metal Tool Steel. CPM 9V, a modification of CPM 10V with lower carbon and vanadium to improve toughness and heat check resistance. They differ from the AISI 4xx series because they have vanadium added to them. 7C27Mo2, generally the same properties as Sandvik 6C27, but with improved corrosion resistance. Used by. Co-Special, a steel known to exist. CPM 4V has a 62-54 HRC attainable hardness. V-Gin1, a fine-grained steel with Mo, V for the best effect of Cr. Aogami/Blue-Num-2 A steel with higher toughness and wear resistance than blue-1. CPM 10V powder metal tool steel is a versatile tool and die steel which provides extremely high wear resistance in combination with relatively high impact toughness. Considering that most of the knife makers simply refuse to work with CPM-10V or even CPM-3V, it's really lucky, to know the maker that works with that difficult steel, and what's even better, can squeeze every last bit of performance out of it. BNG10, a steel known to exist. The blade of a knife can be made from a variety of materials, the most common being carbon steel, stainless steel, tool steel and alloy steel. Typical temperature range is 1000-1100°F (524-593°C). Has a carbon content of 1.5. Malanika Puukko – CPM-4V Malanika Puukko – CPM 10V Victorinox (mikkie’s first) – Stainless. CPM 4V is a more available USA copy of the European Vanadis 4 Extra. CPM M4. Carbon steels have less carbon than typical stainless steels do, but it is the main alloy element. BG-42 Slightly higher in carbon, chrome and moly than ATS-34. For pressurized gas, the furnace should have a minimum quench pressure of 4 bars. CPM 10V has four times the wear resistance of D2 at the same toughness. It contains 3% carbon and 20% chromium and contains tungsten and molybdenum. In this video I do a cut test for my para 3 in 4v. It is a modification of CPM ® 10V ® with lower carbon and vanadium to improve toughness, although its wear resistance is somewhat lower. Unfortunately, those steels don't always score well in the wear-resistance department, at least not when compared to alloys like CPM 10V, CPM S110V, CPM S125V, K294, M4, M2, etc. Then cool slowly with the furnace
The AUS stainless steel series is produced by Aichi Steel Corporation of Japan. The "Blue" refers to, not the color of the steel itself, but the color of the paper in which the raw steel comes wrapped. The main advantage of this particular type of steel for knives is its durability and wear resistance. This thread is archived. Density. M390 – Bohler M390 Microclean. CPM 4V chemistry from Latrobe patent (Koncor) 2,949,356CPM 4V performance achieved from Crucible patents 3,809,541 (CPM) and 5,830,287 (CPM 3V). The steels in this category have much higher resistance to elements and corrosion than conventional stainless steels. The good impact toughness is the result of the fine grain size, small carbides, and superior … A wear-resistant, martensitic stainless tool steel that exhibits better corrosion resistance than 440C stainless steel. Developed for knife blades requiring good corrosion resistance and very high hardness for excellent wear resistance. Please move them to their proper group and provide a description. When comparing CPM 3V steel vs. A2 steel, 3V is superior in edge retention and toughness with a big win for CPM 3V. Used in high end tools and low/mid class kitchen knives. Fundamentals of Physical Metallurgy by John d. Verhoeven, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, http://www.atm-fukaumi.co.jp/en/products/, "Knife Steel Composition And Name Conversion Chart", is the highest carbon alloy tool and die steel, extremely hard and wear resistant, and very tough, "MatWeb - The Online Materials Information Resource", "ASTM A213 T2 Alloy Steel, Chromium Molybdenum", "Composition Comparison Graph For The Knife Steels Crucible 154CM, Hitachi ATS-34, Hitachi ATS34 Version 4.35", "Ahonest Changjiang 99Cr18MoV Knife Steel Composition Analysis Graph, Equivalents And Overview Version 4.35", "Sandvik knife steels -- Sandvik Materials Technology", http://www.bohler-edelstahl.com/media/productdb/downloads/M390DE.pdf, Bushcraftliving.com Discussion Forum › Cutting Tools, KABAR Knives - Best Glide Aviation Survival Equipment, Discussion Forum, Spyderco edge-u-cation blade element info, Free Ebook - Metallurgy of Steel for Bladesmiths and Others Who Heat Treat and Forge Steel – by Professor Verhoeven, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_blade_materials&oldid=1006881742, Short description is different from Wikidata, Cleanup tagged articles with a reason field from May 2010, Wikipedia pages needing cleanup from May 2010, Wikipedia articles with style issues from November 2013, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from October 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2015, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. This page was last edited on 15 February 2021, at 09:14. CPM ® 10V (AISI A11) CPM 10V is a unique tool steel made by the Crucible Particle Metallurgy process. in larger quantities, increases hardness and brittleness. What it is: CPM M4 is a "Crucible Particle Metallurgy" carbon tool steel, widely regarded as a "super steel" for its properties and performance. For salt maintained at 1000-1100°F (538-593°C), equalize in the salt, then cool in still air to 150-125°F (66-51°C). He had built knives with identical geometry with those two steels and came to the conclusion that m390 peaks out performance-wise around rc-62 and is better suited to knife nuts while 3v is best around rc60 and may be a bit more forgiving. 3Cr13 steel is 420B, EN 1.4028 / DIN X30Cr13, 52HRC Approx after heat treatment. They are used in knives designed for use in aggressive, highly corrosive environments, such as saltwater, and areas with high humidity like tropical forests, swamps, etc. It is a modification of CPM ® 10V ® with lower carbon and vanadium to improve toughness, although its wear resistance is somewhat lower. CPM-15V is an extremely high carbon, high vanadium cold work tool steel which offers improved wear resistance over 10V. [citation needed] Böhler n695 is equivalent to 440C. Because of this, 440C is one of the most common stainless alloys used for knife making. Generally the same properties as Sandvik 12C27, but with slightly higher hardness but less corrosion resistant. Chrome steel is one of a class of non stainless steels which are used for applications such as bearings, tools and drills. Laminating a harder steel between a softer one is an expensive process that to some extent gives the benefits of both types (see Damascus steel).